12th century picture stone uncovered in Northern Germany!
In the village of Klotzow, located in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district of northern Germany, a rare and significant archaeological find has recently come to light. While undertaking construction work on his property, homeowner Peter Wittenberg stumbled upon a 12th-century picture stone, sparking excitement among historians and archaeologists alike. This remarkable stone, carved from granite, offers a unique glimpse into the region’s distant past and its Christian heritage.
Photo Credit: Christian Moeller, Ministry of Science, Culture, Federal and European Affairs Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Unveiling a Piece of History
The picture stone, standing at about three feet tall, two feet wide, and over a foot thick, features an engraved image of a standing man. The most striking detail is the cross prominently displayed over the figure’s midsection. This cross is carved onto what appears to be a stole or scarf, draped around the man’s neck, possibly symbolising a pallium—a vestment traditionally bestowed by the Pope upon high-ranking clergy as a mark of authority.
What makes this discovery particularly noteworthy is its rarity. The Klotzow stone is only the sixth picture stone ever found in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and the first to depict a figure holding a cross. Picture stones like this one, also known as image stones, were typically created during the Viking or Germanic periods and were often used as memorials. However, their exact purpose and original placement often remain a mystery. While many such stones have been found in Gotland, Scandinavia, discoveries outside that region are incredibly rare, making the Klotzow stone an even more significant find.
A Link to Christianisation
Experts believe that the figure depicted on the stone might represent a Christian dignitary, possibly Bishop Otto of Bamberg, who played a crucial role in the Christianisation of Pomerania during the early 12th century. Bishop Otto, a key figure in spreading Christianity to the Slavic tribes in the region, embarked on two major missionary journeys, with the first taking place in 1124—a milestone that will mark its 900th anniversary this year.
State archaeologist Dr. Detlef Jantzen, who presented the stone to the public, highlighted the potential connection to Bishop Otto. He pointed out that the cross, carved onto what resembles a scarf, could indeed represent a pallium, which Bishop Otto received in 1111. This detail, coupled with the stone’s timing and iconography, strongly suggests a link to the bishop’s efforts in Pomerania.
Photo Credit: Christian Moeller, Ministry of Science, Culture, Federal and European Affairs Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Cultural and Historical Significance
The discovery of this picture stone is a significant addition to the cultural heritage of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. As Culture Minister Bettina Martin expressed, “With this exceptionally significant find, we can add another important piece to the mosaic of our country’s history. Bishop Otto’s first missionary journey to Pomerania took place in 1124. The fact that a picture stone from this period has now been found exactly 900 years later is an extremely fortunate circumstance.”
The stone was found lying horizontally, just beneath the surface near the wall of Wittenberg’s house. It is believed that it may have been repurposed as a step or used in a doorway when the house was constructed in the 18th century. Although the stone’s original context remains a mystery, further archaeological investigations in the Klotzow area are planned. Researchers hope to uncover more about where the stone was originally placed and the historical environment in which it was created.
Looking Ahead
After its discovery, the picture stone was transported to Schwerin for thorough examination and documentation. A 3D model is currently being created to facilitate closer analysis of the carvings, which might help clarify some details that remain unclear, such as what the figure is holding in its right hand.
This extraordinary find not only enriches our understanding of the region’s past but also serves as a poignant reminder of the enduring legacy of Christianity in northern Germany. As researchers continue to study the stone, it promises to reveal even more about the historical and cultural context of 12th-century Pomerania.