Ancient Punic Tomb Complex Unearthed Near Mater Dei Hospital!
A fascinating archaeological find has emerged from an unlikely location: a car park construction site near Mater Dei Hospital in Msida, Malta. Excavations have revealed a 2,300-year-old Punic-era tomb complex, offering new perspectives on ancient Maltese society.
Discovery of the 2,300-Year-Old Tomb Complex
The tomb complex was uncovered during trenching work for a new potable water line as part of the car park project. The Superintendence of Cultural Heritage (SCH), aware of the area's historical significance, had been monitoring the site closely from the start. In September 2024, the discovery was officially confirmed, sparking widespread excitement among archaeologists and historians alike.
This ancient burial site, thought to have served the community during the Punic and early Roman periods, provides invaluable insights into the era’s burial traditions. Representatives from both the Foundation for Medical Services and SCH described the find as a significant window into the lives and practices of those who once inhabited the region.
Photo Credit: Foundation for Medical Services / SCH Malta
Structure and Contents of the Tomb Complex
The tomb complex consists of three distinct rock-cut burial chambers, each accessible through a central shaft, a design typical of both Punic and Roman burial sites. Each chamber was remarkably well-preserved, still sealed with its original stone slab—a rare find for a structure this old. Inside, archaeologists found skeletal remains, cremation urns, and a selection of grave goods, all meticulously placed within the chambers.
The condition of the skeletal remains provides interesting clues. Many bones were carefully arranged, hinting that previous interments may have been moved to create space for new burials. This practice sheds light on the burial traditions and social dynamics of the time, suggesting a deep respect for the ancestors and a communal approach to burial rites.
Photo Credit: Foundation for Medical Services / SCH Malta
Detailed Excavation and Analysis
The SCH team, comprising archaeologists and osteologists, undertook a thorough excavation over a two-week period, documenting and analysing each artefact. Each of the chambers varied in content: while Chambers 2 and 3 held at least six sets of remains each, Chamber 1 contained a minimum of two. Alongside the skeletal remains, a modest collection of funerary items was also found, reflecting a blend of Punic and Roman influence and hinting at the tomb complex's continued use into the Roman period.
The SCH has since transferred the remains and artefacts to their laboratory for further study. Detailed analysis is planned to determine the age, sex, and health conditions of the individuals, potentially providing a more nuanced understanding of the genetic lineage and everyday life of the ancient community.
Protecting Malta’s Heritage
The SCH’s involvement in the project dates back to 2021, when an application for the car park construction was filed. Recognising the archaeological sensitivity of the location, SCH has actively worked to preserve and study the tomb complex in its entirety, underscoring the importance of such historical discoveries for Malta’s cultural heritage.
By safeguarding and analysing this unique site, researchers are able to piece together new elements of Malta’s past, revealing a more comprehensive understanding of the island's early communities.